Physical Examination of the Hip
Abstract
As our understanding and treatment of hip pathology improves, a systematic, consistent, and reproducible means of clinically evaluating the hip is imperative. While a limp, groin pain, and limited internal rotation are often indicators of hip pathology,1 the hip is overlooked as the original source of pain or pathology in 60% of primary hip disorders.2 Hip pain can be ambiguous in its nature and origin, and pathologies of the hip and low back interact with one another and are easily confused. Hip problems can stem from disorders of the paravertebral muscles, which cause soft tissue instability and irregular tension on the hip.3 Hip pain can also cause back pain by way of muscle contractures of the iliopsoas and the hamstrings or through secondary leg length discrepancy.1 A systematic and reproducible physical examination of the hip is therefore a necessity for correct diagnosis as well as longitudinal follow-up. The hip is a focal point of initiation for running